X-RAY

X-ray
a photo of  X-ray showing a hand
The meaning of an X-ray (radiograph) in a medical field is an image (picture) of bones and internal organs made by sending small amounts of radiation through the body. It is used to detect bone or joint problems. It also can be used to check the heart and lungs (Chest X-ray).

There is a radiation called x-ray. X-ray is a radio wave. When the radiation passes into the body it produces a small quantity of ionizing radiation that helps to reach the goal of the required a portion of particular area of the body. (X ray)
The images are formed by X-rays are due to the different absorption rates of different tissues, different parts of the body absorb the x-rays in different degrees. The internal parts such as fat, muscle and organs make the passage of radiation through them easily. Due to this reason the appearance of bones on photographic film seen as white and the appearance of gray color is for the above mentioned tissue which absorbs less radiation. Air absorbs the least radiation, so lungs appear black on a radiograph.
Until now, x-ray images were maintained as a difficult film copy. Now a days, most images are digital files that are stored electronically. The up-to-date x-ray and the old ones can help to analyze or detect the disease of a patient. (X ray)

Wilhelm Rontgen
American Thomas
       The history of x-ray show there are many x-ray inventors. The first among them is called Wilhelm Rontgen. According to Rontgen, he found the possibility of rays to go through paper and wood. Rontgen started his first finding in 1845. He took an x-ray of the arm of his wife who had a wedding ring on her figure. Other important figures in the history of x-ray are American Thomas Alva Edison (was borne on 1847) improved another type of X-ray which was called fluoroscope in 1896. A fluoroscope is a machine which was invented in 1871 by Walter Cannon; an American the instrument is to note down the action of barium through the digestive system of humans and animals. In 1873 another American called William David
 Coolidge developed the first tube for x-ray especially to be used for medical purposes. 1890 – 1970: British physicist sir William developed a system of mathematics that could be used to interpret the interference patterns. The method is known as crystallography.
 X-ray cannot pass through the heavy atoms like metal because the object will absorb the atoms. It is easy for x-ray to go through the flesh in which the atoms are light. A strong ray in the form of a beam goes as far as to reach a target which is in the form of metal. The x-rays are taken in order to get the high energy of the rays more. The low energy is blocked by a filter so as to allow the desired high energy rays to go through a patient on the required sheet of film. The second sheet of x-ray is unwanted one. That makes the first film look clearer.   If there is calcium in bones it is regarded having metal on the body. A technician fakes a photographic film in order to simplify the problem of the patient. These type of rays were found not to be safe for the skin but later a lot of medical improvement was achieved. For the reason that the fetus is more susceptible to potential harm, pregnant women x-rays should be limited.( X-ray machine)
Importance and usage of x-ray:
X-ray is useful for detecting fractures of bones, internal stomach diseases and many other benefits besides the medical ones. Fluoroscopy is an X-ray test methodology. This way often uses the administration of a medical contrast material (intravenously, orally or via enema). X- Ray can be used as a treatment. It is largely used for the management of cancer; it needs higher radiation energies than for imaging alone. The separation of the molecular of penicillin, insulin and DNA.
X-ray can also be used in criminal investigation, to detect criminals while they are travelling from place to place with their baggage. There is a sample that is produced from x-ray pattern. It can be compared with the x-ray pattern of all known elements. Based on this technique is the analysis of hair or blood samples.
   X- Ray is also important in industrial radiography, x-ray pictures of whole engines or engine part. Like the section of natural gas pipelines can be searched for damage. For security in the airports, x-ray is used to check the baggage of the passengers looking for a gun or things which are not allowed.
Researchers have been working on dark-field x-ray images for many years. Now researchers have the potential to develop the use of dark field type of powerful x-ray in medical and other industrial fields it is possible but so expensive. The high level types which are produced by dark-field x-ray could produce the findings of breast Cancer, Alzheimer's, disease and to check the kind of explosives in un accompanied luggage. Other x-rays produce just a simple check is dark field. The type of the x-ray is to catch the scattered radiation in material itself in order to give an operator a chance to see the changes in bone and soft tissue